ʻO nā ala nui no ka hana ʻana o ka pauka Tungsten

ʻO ka pauka Tungsten ka mea waiwai nui no ka hana ʻana i ka tungsten carbide, ka tungsten maʻemaʻe, nā ʻāpana tungsten a me nā huahana tungsten ʻē aʻe, me ka ʻoi aku o 70% o ka pauka tungsten i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hana ʻana o ka tungsten carbide. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā ala nui no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pauka tungsten:

ʻO ke ala hoʻohaʻahaʻa hydrogen o ka tungsten oxide

He ala kēia e hōʻemi ai i ka tungsten oxide i ka pauka tungsten e hoʻohana ana i ka H2 ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻemi. I ka lawe ʻana i ka hoʻemi hydrogen o WO₃ ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ʻo ka hopena holoʻokoʻa:

WO₃+3H₂=W+3H₂O

I kēia manawa, ʻo nā tungsten oxides i hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea maka no ka hoʻemi hydrogen ka nui o ka tungsten trioxide melemele (WO₃), blue tungsten oxide (nui loa WO₂.₉), a me ka poni tungsten oxide (WO₂.₇₂), a pēlā aku.

2. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa hydrogen o tungsten halides

He ala kēia e hoʻohana ai i ka H2 ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa e hōʻemi i ka tungsten halides (e like me ka tungsten chloride, tungsten fluoride) i ka tungsten metala. No ka laʻana, i ka hihia o ka hoʻemi hydrogen o WCl6, ʻo ka hopena holoʻokoʻa:

WCl6+3H₂=W+6HCI

ʻO ke kaʻina hana hoʻohaʻahaʻa hydrogen o ka tungsten halides he hopena gas-phase, hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka deposition chemical vapor e hana i ka pauka tungsten ultrafine a i ʻole nā uhi tungsten. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana wale ʻia ke ʻano hoʻohaʻahaʻa chlorination o tungsten halides no ka hana liʻiliʻi.

3. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻemi ʻana o ke kalapona o Tungsten oxides

Ke hoʻoulu ʻia ka hui ʻana o ka tungsten oxides a me ke kalapona i kahi mahana, e hoʻemi ʻia nā oxides tungsten i ka pauka tungsten. I ka lawe ʻana i ka hoʻemi kalapona o WO₃ ma ke ʻano he laʻana, ʻo ka hopena holoʻokoʻa:

WO₃+3C=W+3CO

WO₃+3CO=W+3CO₂

I kekahi manawa, hoʻokomo ʻia ka hydrogen liʻiliʻi i loko o ka umu e hoʻoikaika i ke kaʻina hana hoʻemi kalapona. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka pauka tungsten i hana ʻia e kēia ʻano he ʻano kalapona kiʻekiʻe a ʻaʻole kūpono i nā huahana tungsten. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke ala hoʻemi kalapona no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka pauka tungsten, akā ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana pololei o ka tungsten carbide, ʻoi aku ka ultrafine tungsten carbide pauka a me ka tungsten carbide composite pauka.

4. Nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe

ʻO nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe no ka hana ʻana i ka tungsten metala me ka electrolysis paʻakai hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka zinc, a me ka hōʻemi hydrogen plasma, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.