Zvivakwa zveTungsten Metal Powder

Kuitwa kwe tungsten poda kune zvakakosha pakugadzirisa kushanda uye kunaka kwezvinhu zvinotevera. Naizvozvo, ese ari maviri akaomeswa alloy munda uye tungsten zvinhu zvekugadzirisa munda akaisa pamberi zvinoenderana zvinodikanwa zvekuchena kwemakemikari uye zvemuviri zvimiro zvembishi tungsten hupfu, kunyanya izvo zvinodiwa zvezvinhu zvemuviri zviri kuwedzera nekukwira. 

Kuchena kwemakemikari

Paunenge uchigadzira simende ye carbide uye tungsten zvigadzirwa, iyo kemikari kuchena kwe tungsten poda inodiwa kuve yakakwira. Izvo zvakasara zvisina kuchena zvinhu mu tungsten poda zvine chekuita pakugadzirisa mashandiro uye kuita sevhisi yezvigadzirwa. Pesvedzero yacho yakaoma kunzwisisa, imwe ichikuvadza uye imwe inobatsira. Kutsvakurudza kwemazuva ano kunoratidza kuti Ca, Mg, P, As, Si, S, Fe, Ni, Cu, Al, uye Mo inogona kuderedza simba realloy, asi K uye Na zvinokurudzira kukura kwezviyo zveWC. V uye Cr, kune rumwe rutivi, inodzivisa kukura kwezviyo. Kana iyo Mo yemukati muWO ichipfuura 0.5%, zvinokonzeresa kuderera kwesimba rekushanduka kweiyo alloy. Mumhando dzakawanda dzetungsten poda dzakagadzirwa parizvino, zviri mukati mezvakasara zvesimbi tsvina (kusanganisa izvo zvakawedzerwa sezvinowedzera) zviri muchikamu chezvikamu zvishoma pazviuru gumi kusvika pazvikamu zvishoma pamazana zana. 

Oxygen mu tungsten poda inogona kuita ne carbides, inotora kabhoni kubva ku carbides uye ichikonzera decarburization ye simenti carbide. Kana iyo alloy yakanyanya decarburized, iyo γ chikamu chinooneka, ichiita iyo alloy brittle. Iyo gasi inoburitswa kubva mukuita inowedzera porosity yealloy uye inoderedza simba rayo. Zvichienderana nemaitiro ekuderedza akasiyana uye michina, iyo okisijeni yemukati mutungsten hupfu inowanzova pakati pe0.05% ne0.5%, uye inowedzera nekudzikira kwetungsten hupfu particle size uye kuwedzera kwenzvimbo chaiyo. Naizvozvo, chinodiwa chemukati weokisijeni mune yakatsetseka-grained tungsten poda inofanirwa kuzorora zvakakodzera. Kuchena kwemakemikari zvinodiwa zve tungsten powder zvinoratidzwa muTebhu 4-1, uye izvo zvinodikanwa zveokisijeni zvinoratidzwa muTebhu 4-2.

Izvo zvisina kuchena zvinhu mu tungsten poda zvinogona kubva kune zvakabikwa kana kuunzwa panguva yekugadzira. Nokudaro, kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwezvinhu panguva yekushanda kunokosha zvikuru. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzira tungsten poda uchishandisa APT seyakasvibirira, zvigadzirwa zvinosangana zvakananga nechoto checalcining, kuderedzwa kwechoto machubhu, uye crucibles, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwemukati wetsvina yakadai seFe, Ni, Cr, uye Si, uye kuderera kwemakemikari kuchena. Kana zvemukati zvasvika pane imwe nhanho kana kuti zvakaunganidzwa pakukura kwakakwana, zvinogona kuve zvitubu zvekukanganisa kwekuzotevera kugadzirisa kana kushandiswa. Nokudaro, kuve nechokwadi chekuchena kwe tungsten powder, kunze kwekunyatso kudzora kunaka kwezvinhu zvakasvibiswa APT, zvakakoshawo kudzivirira kusvibiswa panguva yekuita. 

2. Zvinhu Zvenyama

Iwo emuviri zvimiro zvesimbi tungsten poda inonyanya kusanganisira avhareji saizi, particle saizi kugovera, particle aggregation degree, particle morphology, chaiyo nzvimbo, kuwanda kwehuwandu, compacted density, uye Hall flow rate, nezvimwe. 

(Avhareji saizi yechikamu uye kugovera saizi yechikamu)

Kunyangwe iri simende carbide kana tungsten zvigadzirwa, pane zvakaomesesa zvinodikanwa zveavhareji saizi yechikamu uye particle size yekugovera tungsten hupfu. Mumunda wecemented carbide, saizi yechidimbu uye saizi yekugoverwa kweW poda inokanganisa zvakananga saizi yechidimbu uye kugovera saizi yehupfu hweWC inogadzirwa. Iyo particle size yeWC poda inowedzera kukanganisa kushanda kwecemented carbide zvigadzirwa. 

Tsvagiridzo yakaona kuti zvimiro zveWC poda zvinorambidzwa neavo veW hupfu. Mushure mekunge W poda yaiswa kabhoni kuti iite WC, saizi yechikamu inochinja zvishoma. Kugadzira WC poda yehupfu, yepakati uye yakanaka particle size, yakakora, yepakati uye yakatsetseka chimedu W powder inoda kushandiswa. Uneven W poda carbonization inoguma mune isina kuenzana WC poda. Shanduko muhukuru hwehupfu mushure meiyo carbonization yehupfu, yepakati uye yakatsetseka W powder inoratidzwa muTebhu 4-3.

Zvinodiwa zve tungsten poda particle size inosiyana pakati pevashandisi vakasiyana. Kune iyo yakaoma alloy munda, kune akasiyana marudzi eakaomeswa alloys anoshandiswa kune akasiyana zvinangwa, nekuda kweakasiyana particle saizi yeWC poda inoshandiswa, pane zvakasiyana zvinodiwa zveavhareji saizi yechikamu uye particle size yekugadzirwa kweiyo mbishi W powder. Ese maturusi ekucheka anoda iyo W hupfu uye WC hupfu kuti ive nehupamhi diki saizi uye yakatetepa saizi yekugovera. Impact maturusi anoda kuti W hupfu uye WC hupfu kuti ive yakaoma, iine yakakura particle size kugovera. Avhareji saizi yechikamu inoshandiswa kugadzirira coarse-grained WC ndeye 25.8 μm. Iyo inomiririra particle size kugoverwa kweW powder inoratidzwa muFigure 4-1.

Kune tungsten kugadzirwa kwezvinhu, avhareji saizi uye saizi yekugovera tungsten poda ine chekuita nekutsikirira kuita kwezvinotevera zvigadzirwa, kuwanda kwemuviri wegirinhi (unozivikanwawo semuviri wakatsikirirwa), uye kuita sintering. Saizi diki yehupfu uye mamwe maumbirwo akaomarara anozokonzeresa kukweshana kukuru pakati pezvimedu, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwehutsi hwemuviri wegirinhi. Iyo yakatetepa kugovera saizi yechikamu, zvakanyanya kusununguka zvimedu zvinorongwa. Iyo yakafara particle saizi kugovera, kana kunyange kusanganisa hupfu eakasiyana avhareji particle saizi, inogona kuwana zvirinani kurongeka kwechikamu uye kuwana yakakwirira yegirinhi simba remuviri. Munzvimbo yekugadzira tungsten zvinhu, avhareji saizi yetungsten poda inowanzodiwa kuti ive mukati meiyo 2 kusvika 6 μm. 

Kune nzira dzakawanda dzekuona saizi yehupfu uye saizi yekugovera. Iyo Fischers 'midziyo uye laser particle size analyzer inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu tungsten poda. Zvisinei, nekuda kwemitemo yakasiyana-siyana yezviyero zviviri izvi, zviyero zvakayerwa zvinowanikwa kubva muhupfu humwe zvinogona kusiyana. Naizvozvo, saizi yetungsten hupfu hunofanirwa kutaurwa senge Fischers 'avhareji saizi chidimbu kana laser avhareji saizi. Pamusoro pezvo, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti "inopihwa nyika" tungsten hupfu kazhinji ine madhigirii akasiyana ekubatana, ayo ane hukama nemamiriro ekugadzira. Avhareji saizi yetungsten poda yakayerwa uchishandisa masampuli akadaro inogona kusiyana neiyo chaiyo saizi yehupfu. Semuenzaniso, saizi yeimwe yakagomara tungsten poda mu "inopihwa nyika" ndeye 1-2 μm, uye mushure me depolymerization uye kupararira, kukosha kunodonha kusvika 0.4-0.5 μm. Kune tungsten poda ine particle sizes muhuwandu hwe1-10 μm, kazhinji, kuyera "inopihwa nyika" saizi inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira. Kune submicron tungsten poda uye coarser tungsten poda, kuitira kunyatso ratidza saizi yezvimedu, "kugaya nyika" masampuli anofanirwa kushandiswa paavhareji saizi uye saizi yekugovera bvunzo. 

TIyo tungsten saizi yekugovera saizi yehupfu inoenderana nehukuru hwayo. Kazhinji, iyo yakakura yeavhareji saizi yetungsten hupfu, iyo yakakura kugovera saizi yechikamu. Kune yakapihwa saizi yechikamu, mukugadzira, nzira dzakadai sekushandisa yakanyorova haidrojeni kana kuwedzera alkali simbi komisheni kune tungsten oxide inogona kuita kuti saizi yechikamu ive yakakura uye kudzora kugovera saizi yechikamu zvakanyanya. Kutemerwa kwekugovera saizi yechikamu kunowanzoitwa uchishandisa "ground state" samples. 

Avhareji saizi yetungsten poda inowanzoratidzwa nedhayamita yayo (mumamicrometer). Nekudaro, mukuita kwekugadzira, mamwe masemi-quantitative concepts anowanzoshandiswa. The common classifications dzinosanganisira: 

Zvimedu zvakakasharara zvikuru: Avhareji yekukura kwechidimbu> 30 μm; 

30 μm; 

Coarse particles: Avhareji saizi 10 kusvika 30 μm; 

Medium-sized particles: Avhareji saizi 3 kusvika 10 μm; 

Fine particles: Avhareji yekukura kwechidimbu 0.5 - 3 μm; 

Ultrafine zvimedu: avhareji saizi

(2) Dhigirii rekubatanidza

Iyo aggregation dhigirii yehupfu inowanzo onekwa nemusiyano wehukuru hwepakati pakati pe "supplied state" hupfu uye "ground state" hupfu. Iyo aggregation degree yefine tungsten poda inowanzo kwira kupfuura iyo coarse tungsten hupfu. Kune tungsten kugadzirwa kwezvinhu, iyo aggregation degree inobata zvakananga kusimba kwegirinhi chidimbu. Mukuita kweWC yekugadzira, iyo aggregation degree yew powder ine chekuita pakufanana kwekugovera kabhoni. 

(3) Particle morphology

Iyo particle morphology ye tungsten poda ine chekuita nekutsikirira kwayo kuita uye kusimba kwemuviri wegirinhi. Irregular particle morphology inotungamira mukupindirana pakati pezvimedu, nekudaro kuwedzera simba remuviri wegirinhi. Spherical tungsten poda ine mvura yakanaka uye inonyanya kukodzera kupfapfaidza zvinhu. Saizvozvo, pakugadzirira WC, iyo morphology yetungsten poda inokanganisawo morphology yeWC hupfu. 

(4) Yakananga Surface Area

Iyo yakazara nzvimbo yepasi inobatwa neunit mass ye tungsten powder inonzi iyo chaiyo nzvimbo ye tungsten powder, iyo inowanzoratidzwa muzvikamu zve m2 · g-1. Iyo chaiyo nzvimbo ye tungsten poda inowanzosiyana kubva 0.01 kusvika 12 m2 · g-1. Iyo inoratidzira zvisina kunanga hukuru hwechikamu uye morphology ye tungsten hupfu uye chiratidzo chakakosha chekuongorora chiitiko che sintering, kunyungudika maitiro, uye kugona kuita negasi uye yakasimba zvinhu panguva yecarbonization process ye tungsten hupfu. 

(5) Lose density uye compacted density

Iyo yakasununguka density uye compacted density ye tungsten poda inowedzera nekuwedzera kweavhareji particle size yehupfu. Hukama huri pakati peyakasununguka density ye tungsten poda inogadzirwa neimwe fekitori uye yayo Fischers 'avhareji saizi yechikamu inoratidzwa muTafura 4-4. Iyo yakatetepa saizi yekugovera hupfu, iyo yakanyanya kuoma iyo particle morphology, uye yakanyanya kusimba kuunganidzwa, idiki yakasununguka density. Kazhinji, maitiro ekugadzirisa maitiro ekuderedza maitiro anogona kugadziriswa kuti azvidzore.

(6) Mvura

Iyo fluidity ye tungsten poda inopesvedzerwa nekukura kwechikamu, particle size distribution, uye particle morphology. Kunyanya kukora kwehupfu, kutenderedza kwezvikamu, uye kutsvedzerera kwepamusoro, ndiko kunoita kuti mvura iwedzere. Kuyerera kwehupfu hwetungsten kunowanzoyerwa neHall flow rate, iyo inotaridzwa senguva inotora 50g yehupfu hwetungsten kuti iyerere nepaburi diki rakatsanangurwa muImba yekuyerera mita. Iyo fluidity yehupfu inobata zvakananga kurodha volumetric panguva yekutsikirira uye kufanana kwekufa-cast density. 

(7)Compressibility

Compressibility inoreva kugona kwe tungsten poda kudzvanywa pasi pemamiriro ekudzvanya akataurwa. Inowanzoyerwa mumhando dzakagadzika pasi pemamiriro ekuzora anotsanangurwa, uye inoratidzwa nehupfu hwehupfu hwechigadzirwa chakatsikirirwa pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakataurwa. Inogona zvakare kumiririrwa ne curve graph inoratidza shanduko yekutsikirirwa chigadzirwa density nekudzvanya kudzvanywa. 

(8) Kuumbwa